汉武帝年号与封禅关系探析

An Analysis of the Relationship between Emperor Wudi’s Year Title and the Conferment of Fengshan

关于汉武帝年号起始问题学界早有研究,或言“建元”论;或称“追命”论;或为班改论等,各持己见。事实上,年号纪元不仅是纪年问题,也是与当时正朔服色制度改革相关的政治问题。因而有必要将其放置到制度背景中进行考察。封禅祭祀动摇了秦朝旧制,为正朔服色制度的建立做出准备。在此基础上,武帝朝以天瑞纪年和历法推算两种方式完成了正朔制度的确立,从而真正实现去秦兴汉,开创有汉新制的统治。

On the issue of the beginning of Emperor Wudi’s year title,scholars have long held their own views,such as“Jianyuan”theory,or“life pursuit”theory,or“class reform”theory.In fact,the chronology is not only a chronological issue,but also a political issue related to the reform of the clothing and color system at that time.Therefore,it is necessary to put it into the background of the system.Fengchan sacrifice shakes the old system of Qin Dynasty and makes preparations for the establishment of the new system,to enact the new calendar and the new etiquette.On this basis,Emperor Wudi completed the establishment of the cal⁃endar system by means of Tianrui chronology and calendar calculation,so as to truly realize the rule of the new system of Han Dynasty.