多相流管道声波泄漏检测技术

Acoustic leak detection technology for multiphase flow pipeline

目前,油气混输系统中多相流技术的工程应用日益增多,而多相流管道的安全问题相比单相介质管道复杂很多。基于声波传感技术具有频率范围宽、传播距离长、易识别等优点,将声波传感技术应用于多相流介质两相流管道。通过泄漏前后动态压力信号最大均值和最大均方值波动值变化,判断流型、流量、泄漏方位、泄漏孔径这几种因素变化对泄漏信号的影响。通过理论分析建立了分层光滑流、分层波浪流、段塞流稳定流动过程中动态压力波动幅值与气液流量关系模型,用于确定各流型下稳定流动背景噪声幅值波动,为气液两相流管道泄漏声波检测技术的实现奠定了基础。

At present,the multiphase flow technology is applied increasingly in oil and gas mixed transportation system.However,the safety problems of multiphase pipeline are much more complicated than that of single-phase pipeline.Acoustic sensing technology has the advantages of wide frequency range,long propagation distance and easy identification,and it is applied to the two-phase flow pipeline with multiphase medium.Based on the variation of the maximum mean value and the maximum mean square value of the dynamic pressure signal before and after the leakage,the influence of the flow pattern,flow rate,leakage direction and leakage aperture on the leakage signal can be judged.Further,through theoretical analysis,the model of the relationship between the fluctuation amplitude of dynamic pressure and the gas-liquid flow during the stable flow of smooth stratified flow,wavy stratified flow and slug flow was established,which could be used to determine the background noise amplitude fluctuation of steady flow under each flow pattern,laying a foundation for the realization of acoustic leakage detection technology for gas-liquid two-phase flow pipeline.