流水线镁电解故障电极产生原因分析及控制实践

Causes for abnormal electrodes in pipeline magnesium electrolysis and its control measures

本文通过对流水线镁电解生产过程中频繁出现的阳极断裂和阴极偏心原因进行分析研究,结果表明在流水线镁电解生产中,下插电解槽的石墨阳极断裂,阴极偏心和上插电解槽阳极断裂均因故障电极的电流过载所致,而电解质成分调节槽电极断裂则因石墨氧化和电极电流不均所致。其中下插槽电极和耐火材料间的热膨胀差异是造成下插电解槽电极故障的根本原因,上插电解槽和电解质成分调节槽的断裂原因分别为局部电极过热和电极直接与空气接触。通过对故障电极采取吹氩出渣、打磨紧固、提升加工质量等措施,能够有效降低故障电极占比,同时流水线镁电解的电解质成分调节槽、上插槽和下插槽使用寿命分别可达40个月、44个月和60个月,保证了流水线系统长周期稳定运行。

Causes for the frequently-occurred anode fracture and cathode eccentricity were studied and analyzed during the pipeline magnesium electrolysis process.Results showed that the current overload of the abnormal electrode was the main cause of the graphite anode fracture and cathode eccentricity in the bottom anode cell,as well as the anode fracture in the top anode cell in the pipeline magnesium electrolysis.Among them,the difference in thermal expansion between electrode in the bottom anode cell and refractory material was the root cause of abnormal electrode in bottom anode cell,while the partial electrode overheating and oxidation loss may cause the fracture in top anode cell and the electrolyte regulating tank;The rate of abnormal electrode was obviously reduced through bottom blowing argon,sludge cleaning,polishing and tightening the abnormal electrode as well as improving fabrication quality.The service life of the electrolyte regulating tank,top anode cell and bottom anode cell for the pipeline magnesium electrolysis could reach 40 months,44 months and 60 months,respectively,which could ensure the long-term stable operation of the pipeline system.