中药产业人才需求与职业院校专业设置匹配分析

Analysis on the Matching of Demand for Talents in Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry and Specialty Setting of Vocational Colleges

中药产业作为我国健康产业的重要组成部分,近年来在国民经济中的地位日益提高。目前以中药农业(中药材生产)为基础、中药工业(含中药饮片加工与中成药制造)为主体、中药商业为枢纽的中药产业链正在不断优化,迫切需要大批服务一线的中药技术技能人才作为支撑。通过对中药产业进行广泛调研发现,中药产业技术技能人员主要在中药材种植、中药饮片加工、中成药制造、中药经营等企业工作。根据中药产业发展目标与调研数据分析预测,产业对本科及以上层次人才需求:中成药制造>中药饮片加工>中药材种植;对高职层次人才需求:中药饮片加工>中药材种植>中成药制造;对中职层次人才需求:中药材种植>中药饮片加工>中成药制造。当前,职业院校中药产业技术技能人才培养规模总体增长,但还不能满足中药产业的发展需要,中药产业各专业人才需求与各专业招生人数不完全匹配,各地区中药产业结构与中药类专业开设不相适应,人才职业素养和现代信息技术应用能力有待提高,教学实施保障条件有待加强,课程内容适时调整和更新有待跟进。基于此,提出如下建议:根据中药产业发展需求,构建科学合理的中药职业教育体系;扩大中药类专业人才培养规模,优化中药职业教育区域布局;建立人力资源信息发布制度,创新人才培养模式;健全教学标准体系,发挥标准在人才培养质量提升中的引领作用。

As an important part of China’s health industry,the traditional Chinese medicine industry has played an increasingly important role in the national economy in recent years.At present,a large-scale health industry of traditional Chinese medicine has been formed based on traditional Chinese medicine agriculture(Chinese medicinal material production),Chinese medicine industry(including Chinese medicine decoction processing and Chinese patent medicine manufacturing)as the main body,and Chinese medicine commerce as the hub.The Chinese medicine industry chain is continuously optimized and a large number of services are urgently needed,which supported by front-line technical and technical talents in traditional Chinese medicine.Through extensive research on the traditional Chinese medicine industry,it is found that the technical and technical personnel of the Chinese medicine industry mainly work in enterprises such as the as the cultivation,processing,manufacturing,and operation of Chinese medicine.According to the development goals of the traditional Chinese medicine industry and research data analysis and forecast,the industry’s demand for talents at the undergraduate level and above:Chinese patent medicine manufacturing>Chinese herbal medicine processing>Chinese herbal medicine planting;the demand for higher vocational talents:Chinese herbal medicine processing>Chinese herbal medicine planting>Chinese patent medicine manufacturing;the demand for talents at the secondary vocational level:Chinese herbal medicine planting>Chinese herbal medicine processing>Chinese patent medicine manufacturing.The current vocational colleges have generally increased the scale of training technical and technical talents in the traditional Chinese medicine industry,but they still cannot meet the needs of the development of the Chinese medicine industry.The demand for professional talents in the traditional Chinese medicine industry does not completely match the number of students enrolled in each major.The structure of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in various regions does not match the establishment of traditional Chinese medicine majors.The professional quality of talents and the application ability of modern information technology need to be improved.The guarantee conditions for teaching implementation need to be strengthened.The timely adjustment and update of course content needs to be followed up.Based on this,the following suggestions are put forward:according to the development needs of the traditional Chinese medicine industry,construct a scientific and reasonable Chinese medicine vocational education system;expand the scale of professional Chinese medicine training,and optimize the regional layout of Chinese medicine vocational education;establish a human resources information release system,and innovate talent training mode;improve teaching standard system,and guide opinions on the role of standards in improving the quality of talent training.