南京临时政府“和平外交”政策下的外交斗争——以中荷“泗水事件”交涉为例

Diplomatic Struggle under the“Peaceful Diplomacy”Policy of Nanjing Provisional Government--Take the Negotiation of“Surabaya Incident”between China and Holland as an example

南京临时政府成立之际,国家面临着严重的内忧外患。临时政府为获取殖民列强支持,也为初生襁褓中的中华民国创造一个良好的国际环境,极力主张"和平外交",处处对殖民列强退让。但当印度尼西亚"泗水事件"发生后,临时政府却一改往日退让的态度,积极与荷兰方面交涉,坚决维护华侨利益。试以临时政府在"泗水事件"中态度的变化为切入点,探究临时政府在处理此次事件时外交政策变化的原因。

At the time when Nanjing Provisional Government was established,the country was facing serious internal and external troubles.In order to obtain the support of the colonial powers and create a good international environment for the infant Republic of China,the provisional government strongly advocated"peaceful diplomacy"and gave way to the colonial powers everywhere.However,after the"Surabaya Incident"in Indonesia,the provisional government changed its attitude of concession and actively negotiated with the Dutch side to resolutely safeguard the interests of overseas Chinese.Based on the change of the attitude of the interim government in the"Surabaya incident",this paper tries to explore the reasons for the change of foreign policy of the interim government in dealing with the incident.