妊娠期突发性聋的临床特征及鼓室注射地塞米松治疗的临床效果

Clinical characteristics of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in pregnancy and therapeutic effect of intratympanic Dexamethasone

目的探讨妊娠期突发性聋(突聋)的临床特征及鼓室注射地塞米松治疗的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2008年1月~2018年5月于湘西土家族苗族自治州人民医院就诊并接受治疗的31例(31耳)妊娠期突聋患者(妊娠组)的临床资料,选取同期同年龄段但未处于妊娠期的102例(102耳)突聋患者作为对照组。比较两组的临床特征及预后。根据是否接受鼓室注射地塞米松,将妊娠组再分为鼓室注药组(16耳)和无鼓室注药组(15耳),比较两组鼓室注射地塞米松治疗妊娠突聋的疗效。结果妊娠组中突聋患者初诊听阈值高于对照组,病程短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后妊娠组和对照组的痊愈率、显效率、有效率、无效率及听阈改善值等疗效指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。鼓室注药组的治疗后听阈改善值高于无鼓室注药组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期突聋患者听力损失较重,但病程较短,治疗后听力预后与同龄非妊娠女患者预后相当;鼓室注射地塞米松治疗妊娠期突聋疗效显著。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)during pregnancy and evaluate the therapeutic effect of intratympanic Dexamethasone.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 31 SSNHL patients(31 ears)during pregnancy(pregnancy group)and 102 age-matched SSNHL patients(non-pregnancy group)treated in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Qutonomous Prefecture People′s Hospital between January 2008 and May 2018,the characteristics and prognosis between the two groups were compared.The pregnancy group was further divided into intratympanic injection group(16 ears)and non-intratympanic injection group(15 ears)according to whether receiving intratympanic Dexamethasone,and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.Results In the pregnancy group,the initial hearing threshold was higher than that in the non-pregnancy group,and the duration from onset to treatment is shorter than that in the non-pregnant group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the complete recovery rate,marked recovery rate,recovery rate,no recovery rate and hearing threshold improvement between the two groups(P>0.05).In the intratympanic injection group,the hearing threshold improvement was higher than that in the non-intratympanic injection group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion SSNHL patients during pregnancy suffered a severe hearing loss with a short duration from onset to treatment.SSNHL patients with pregnancy and without pregnancy got similar hearing results,and intratympanic Dexamethasone is an effective therapy for SSNHL patients with pregnancy.