基于计划行为理论的家属参与式护理干预在高龄产妇中的应用效果

Application Effect of Family Participation Nursing Intervention Based on Planned Behavior Theory in Elderly Puerpera

目的:探讨基于计划行为理论的家属参与式护理干预在高龄产妇中的应用效果。方法:选取2017年5月-2018年5月笔者所在医院收治的80例妊娠足月高龄产妇,按照入院单双号将其分为对照组(40例)和观察组(40例)。对照组给予临床常规护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上给予基于计划行为理论的家属参与式护理干预。比较两组心理状况、妊娠结局、母乳喂养自我效能评分及母乳喂养情况。结果:干预前,两组SAS和SDS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);产后6周,观察组SAS和SDS评分均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组剖宫产率及新生儿窒息率均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组产后1、6周、6个月母乳喂养自我效能评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组产后6周及6个月乳量满足率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组产后1、6周、6个月纯母乳喂养率均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于计划行为理论的家属参与式护理干预能有效缓解高龄产妇焦虑及抑郁状况,改善妊娠结局,提高母乳喂养自我效能,促进母乳分泌进而提高纯母乳喂养率,值得在临床上进一步推广。

Objective:To explore the application effect of family participation nursing intervention based on planned behavior theory in elderly puerpera.Method:From May 2017 to May 2018,80 cases of elderly puerpera with full-term pregnancy were selected and divided into the control group(40 cases)and the observation group(40 cases)according to the odd-even number of admission.The control group was given clinical routine nursing intervention,and the observation group was given family participation nursing intervention based on planned behavior theory on the basis of control group.The psychological status,pregnancy outcome,breastfeeding self-efficacy score and breastfeeding status were compared between the two groups.Result:Before intervention,there were no significant differences in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups(P>0.05).Six weeks after delivery,SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The cesarean section rate and neonatal asphyxia rate in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The breastfeeding self-efficacy scores of the observation group at 1,6 weeks and 6 months after delivery were significantly higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At 6 weeks and 6 months after delivery,the breast milk content satisfaction rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The exclusive breastfeeding rates at 1,6 weeks and 6 months after delivery in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The family participation nursing intervention based on planned behavior theory can effectively alleviate the anxiety and depression of elderly puerpera,improve the pregnancy outcome,improve breastfeeding self-efficacy,promote the secretion of breast milk and then improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding,which is worthy of further promotion in clinical practice.