赵氏戈铭考略——兼论赵卿墓墓主

A Study of the Inscription about the Zhao Lineage on a Dagger-and a Related Discussion about the Tomb Owner of the Senior Official from the Zhao Family

太原市南郊金胜村251号墓出土一件带铭铜戈,学界对戈铭“■”的考释有孟、朔、省等不同的释读。本文认为“■”字应隶定为“[月眚]”,“[月眚]”即“胜”字。结合晋系邯郸印可知,赵卿墓出土赵氏戈之主人,即是赵氏小宗邯郸大夫赵胜。赵氏戈与兟城戟同一地点发现,可知其是墓主随葬的战利品。由赵氏大小宗的斗争进而引起的晋国“范、中行氏之乱”,关乎赵氏大宗的废继存亡。墓主将战利品随葬以昭示功勋,合乎情理。由赵氏戈铭及赵氏发展历史来考察,赵卿墓墓主当为赵简子赵鞅。

A bronze dagger with inscriptions was found in Tomb 251 at Jinsheng village in the southern suburb of Taiyuan city.A variety of interpretations for the inscription ■ had been proposed,including meng,shuo,and xing.This author concludes that the character should be deciphered as sheng(胜).It can be seen in combination with a Handan seal that the owner of this dagger found in the tomb of elite came from the Zhao family(M251),was called Zhao Sheng,and was a Handan Dafu official from the sub-lineage of the Zhao family.This dagger and the Shencheng halberd were found in the same location and it was suggested they were both trophies belonging to the tomb owner.The fighting between the main lineage(dazong)and sub-lineage(xiaozong)of the Zhao family caused the rebellion led by the Fan and Zhonghang family in the Jin State that threatened the main lineage.It was reasonable that the tomb owner from the main lineage boasted his success by having the trophy buried with him.From the dagger with the Zhao Sheng inscription and the developing history of the Zhao family,the tomb owner(M251)should be Zhao Jianzi,also named Zhao Yang,a top official of the Jin State.