“十三五”期间福州市大气污染物特征分析

Characteristics of Air Pollutants in Fuzhou City During the 13th Five-Year Plan

利用2016年1月1日至2020年9月30日福州市大气环境质量监测数据,综合分析了“十三五”期间福州市大气污染物特征。结果表明:“十三五”期间福州市空气质量优良率呈先降后升趋势,2018年超标率最高,达到7.7%,主要为臭氧轻度污染。六类污染物浓度均达到国家二级浓度限值,SO2、NO2及CO远优于一级浓度限值水平,PM10、PM2.5及CO浓度总体呈下降趋势,O3则呈先升后降趋势,但仍处于高位水平。“十三五”期间,福州市首要污染物均为NO2、PM10、PM2.5、O34类,PM10、PM2.5及NO2为首要污染物的天数占比均呈稳步下降趋势,O3污染占比则大幅上升,2018年达到41.4%,而后缓慢回落。O3污染是当前福州市最突出的大气污染问题,要控制O3污染,关键在于控制机动车尾气及工业源排放,沿海及外来传输的影响也不容忽视。为此,提出了污染防治对策。

Comprehensive analysis of characteristics of air pollutants during the period of"13th Five-Year Plan"in Fuzhou city were proposed based on the data of atmospheric environmental quality monitoring from January 1,2016 to September 30,2020.Some countermeasures for pollution prevention and control were proposed.Results showed that during the"13th Five-Year Plan"period,atmospheric environment quality declined first and then incrensed with time in Fuzhou City.The unqualified rate was up to 7.7%in 2018,and was lightly polluted mainly by ozone.Concentration of six pollutants all reached the national secondary limit;the SO 2,NO 2 and CO were much better than primary standard;concentration of PM 10,PM 2.5 and CO overall showed a downward trend while ozone increased first and then decreased,but it was still at a high level.The primary pollutants during this time were all NO 2,PM 10,PM 2.5 and O 3.The proportion of PM 10,PM 2.5 and NO 2 as primary pollutants was gradually reduced.While O 3 not,it was highly up to 41.4%in 2018,and then down slowly.Ozone pollution had become the serious problem of air contamination.To control O 3 pollution,the key is to control vehicle exhaust and industrial source emissions.The impact of coastal and external transmission cannot be ignored.