基于改进动态潮流算法的燃料电池参与电网调频

Fuel Cell Participating in Frequency Regulation Based on Improved Dynamic Power Flow Algorithm

负荷和新能源出力的随机波动影响电网有功功率平衡和频率稳定。传统同步机组参与调频,容量较大但是响应速度较慢。作为一种新型电源,燃料电池(fuel cell,FC)容量较小不适合平衡有功功率,但是运行灵活、响应速度快,因此有可能用于电网调频。本文首先建立了含FC的电网潮流模型,然后引入有功出力对频率的下垂控制,提出了FC参与一次调频的动态潮流算法。在动态潮流中增加惯性环节,以模拟FC响应延时;同时引入逆变器直流电容快速放电,以改进调频效果。算例分析给出动态潮流结果,分析了FC出力延时和直流电容放电对调频结果的影响,验证了所提算法的有效性。

The random fluctuation of load and new energy output affects the active power balance and frequency stability of power grid.The conventional synchronous generator with large capacity participates in frequency regulation,but the response speed is slow.As a new power source,fuel cell(FC)has a small capacity and is not suitable for balancing active power,but it is flexible in operation and fast in response,so it is possible to be used for power grid frequency regulation.Firstly,this paper establishes a power flow model with FC.Then after introducing the droop control of active power,a dynamic power flow algorithm with fuel cell participating in primary frequency regulation is proposed.In order to simulate the response delay of FC,the inertia link is considered in the dynamic power flow.The frequency regulation effect is improved by introducing a rapid discharge of DC capacitance.The example analysis gives the results of dynamic power flow,analyzes the effect of FC output delay and DC capacitor discharge on the frequency regulation results,and verifies the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.