开农系列高油酸花生遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis on Kainong Series Cultivars of High Oleic Acid Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

为研究开农系列高油酸花生品种的遗传构成及遗传多样性,本研究以“开农30×开选016”组合育成的8个高油酸姊妹系品种和2个亲本为材料进行农艺性状调查、品质检测和SSR位点多态性检测。结果表明,8个姊妹系品种在株型及产量性状方面继承了母本的优良特点并优于父本。8个姊妹系品种的油酸含量73.47%~81.38%,油亚比6.27~21.78。利用均匀分布于花生染色体的217对SSR标记进行分析,在双亲之间检测到32对多态性标记,开农58、开农1715和开农71分别具有一个特异性位点,其他品种可用2~3对引物进行区分。开农30对8个高油酸姊妹系品种遗传贡献率为40.63%~71.88%,对开农306遗传贡献率最大。开选016遗传贡献率为28.13%~56.25%,对开农71遗传贡献率最大。姊妹系品种间的遗传相似系数变异范围0.3438~0.9688,平均0.6149。综合分析,8个高油酸姊妹系品种集合了母本开农30高产与父本开选016优质的特点,姊妹系获得来源于开选016的高油酸优良基因但更多继承了开农30的遗传成分。

This study was conducted to analyze the genetic composition and genetic diversity of Kainong series varieties of high oleic acid peanut in China.We chose eight high oleic acid sib-lines derived from the combination of Kainong30×Kaixuan016 and their two parents as material to carry out the agronomic traits investigation,quality determination and SSR marker polymorphism detection.Comparing main agronomic traits among two parents and their eight sib-line progenies,it was indicated that the sib-lines inherited excellent characteristics of female parent in terms of plant type and yield traits,which were superior to that of male parent.The oleic acid content of the eight sib-lines was 73.47%~81.38%,and the O/L was 6.27~21.78.32 polymorphism markers between the two parents were detected after analysis of 217 pairs of SSR primers uniformly distributed on peanut chromosomes.Kainong58,Kainong1715 and Kainong71 had one specific site respectively,and others could be distinguished by 2~4 pairs of primers.The genetic contribution rate of Kainong30 for the eight sib-lines was 40.63%~71.88%,with maximum genetic contribution rate to Kainong306.The genetic contribution rate of Kaixuan016 was 28.13%~56.25%,with maximum genetic contribution rate to Kainong71.The genetic similarity coefficient among eight sib-lines was from 0.3438 to 0.9688,with an average of 0.6149.In conclusion,eight high oleic acid sib-lines combined with the characteristics of high yield from infemale parent Kainong30 and high quality from male parent Kaixuan016.They obtained high oleic acid genes from Kaixuan016,but inherited more genetic components from Kainong30.