比较分析ELISA法和实时荧光PCR法在麻疹检测上的应用

Comparative Analysis of Application of ELISA and Real-Time Fluorescent PCR in Measles Detection

目的:分析ELISA法和实时荧光PCR检测麻疹的效果。方法:挑选2018年10月~2019年10月本院收治的161例疑似麻疹患者,采用ELISA法与实时荧光PCR(RT-PCR)法检测所有患者,分析两种检测方法检测结果。结果:ELISA法检测麻疹IgM抗体阳性66例,阴性95例,阳性检出率为40.99%,RT-PCR法检测麻疹病毒核酸阳性100例,阴性61例,阳性检出率为62.11%,RT-PCR法检测阳性率高于LISA法(P<0.05)。出疹当日RT-PCP法阳性率为44.00%,ELISA法阳性率为16.00%。伴随时间移动,ELISA法检测阳性率日益升高,RT-PCR法在第4d阳性检出率就开始下降。对比出疹2d内两种检测法的阳性检出率,RT-PCP法阳性率高于ELISA法(P<0.05)。结论:实时荧光PCR法可以有效诊断早期麻疹病毒,提高麻疹阳性检出率,减少漏诊率。

Objective:To analyze the effect of ELISA and real-time fluorescence PCR in detecting measles.Methods:161 suspected measles patients admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were selected and all patients were detected by ELISA and real-time fluorescence PCR(RT-PCR),and the detection results of the two detection methods were analyzed.Results:ELISA was used to detect measles IgM antibody in 66 cases and negative in 95 cases,with a positive detection rate of 40.99%.RT-PCR was used to detect measles virus nucleic acid in 100 cases and negative in 61 cases,with a positive detection rate of 62.11%.The positive rate of RT-PCR was higher than LISA(P<0.05).The positive rate of RT-PCP and ELISA on the day of eruption was 44.00%and 16.00%,respectively.With the time moving,the positive rate of ELISA method increased day by day,and the positive rate of RT-PCR method began to decline on the 4th day.The positive detection rate of RT-PCP method was higher than ELISA method(P<0.05)by comparing the positive detection rates of the two methods within 2 days after eruption.Conclusion:Real-time fluorescence PCR can effectively diagnose early measles virus,improve the positive detection rate of measles and reduce the missed diagnosis rate.