摘要
大同镇是明代建设的军事重镇,在保卫京师、山西等内地发挥着重要的作用。明代为解决“九边”军镇的粮食供给问题,开展屯田建设活动。洪武二十五年,大同镇开始大规模的屯田建设,洪武永乐时期发展兴盛,屯粮收益较好,是粮饷的重要来源。宣德年间开始,大同镇的屯田建设开始衰落,屯地被侵占、屯丁逃亡、屯粮减少等情况不断出现。明代政策制度的不合理性、明蒙关系变化、农业生产环境的变化,三者共同作用导致大同镇屯田衰落。
Datong Town was an important military town built in Ming Dynasty.It played an important role in defending the capital,Shanxi and other inland areas.In Ming Dynasty,in order to solve the food supply problem of military towns at"Nine Frontiers",the construction activities for military cultivation were carried out.In the 25th year of Hongwu period,Datong Town began a large-scale military cultivation.During Yongle and Hongwu periods,it flourished and witnessed good harvest,which was an important source of grain expenses.During the Xuande period(1426-1435),the military cultivation in Datong Town began to decline.Such situations as the occupation of military farmland,the fleeing of soldiers,and the reduction of grain harvest continued to appear.The irrationality of the policy system in Ming Dynasty,the changes of relationship between Ming and Mongolia,and the changes in the agricultural production environment all contributed to the decline of the military cultivation in Datong Town.
作者
白玉萍
孟万忠
Bai Yuping;Meng Wanzhong
出处
《农业考古》
2020年第6期113-119,共7页
Agricultural Archaeology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“近600年来华北地区霜雪灾害与寒冷气候事件时空特征及周期规律”(项目编号:41671142)
山西省“1331工程”优势特色学科(地理学)
国家级一流专业地理科学
山西省哲学社会科学规划课题“习近平生态文明思想中的文化传承研究”(项目编号:2018B123)
太原师范学院研究生教育创新项目“明代大同、太原镇的粮食供给研究”(项目编号:SYYJSJC-2009)。
关键词
明代
大同镇
屯田
政策
Ming Dynasty
Datong Town
military cultivation(the practice of having garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain)
policy