试析清代靳辅的治河思想

Study on the Jin Fu’s Thoughts of the Yellow River Management in Qing Dynasty

清代河道总督靳辅于康熙年间受命治理黄河,上任伊始即重用能士,多方考察,制定策略。靳辅在治河过程中共创作文书百余篇,为我们研究其治河思想提供了独特视角。靳辅采用疏通河道,淤泥筑堤,建坡引流,修堵决口,筑坝减水,岁修防险等一系列措施来进行黄河治理。同时,积极改革人事,裁撤冗官,制定奖惩制度,以提高治河管理效率。他在奏疏中提出治河经费当采用开源节流之策,以减轻中央财政负担,这一系列举措对当代黄河治理具有现实意义。

Jin Fu,a governor of river management in the Qing Dynasty,was appointed to manage the Yellow River during the Kangxi period.Since the beginning of his tenure,he had used talents,visited many places,and formulated strategies.Jin Fu created more than 100 essays in the process of harnessing the river,which provided us with a unique perspective to study his thoughts of river management.He adopted a series of measures to control the Yellow River such as dredging river channels,building silt embankments,constructing slopes for drainage,repairing plugs and crevasses,building dams to reduce water,and repairing regularly to prevent danger.Plus,he also reformed personnel system,dismissed redundant officers,and formulated a reward and punishment system to improve the efficiency of river management.At the same time,he proposed on the memorial to the throne that the river management funds should adopt the policy of source-opening and cost-saving to reduce the central government's financial burden.This series of measures has enlightening significance for the contemporary governance of the Yellow River.