开放科学环境下的欧盟研究数据开放共享研究

Research on Research Data Open Sharing of EU in Open Science Environment

研究数据开放共享是开放科学的重要特征,也是欧盟加强一体化建设,推动成员国均衡发展的一项重要措施。它能够将欧盟海量数据的能量释放出来,促进"欧洲研究区"的建设,服务科研人员,帮助降低欧债危机以及英国脱欧带来的负面影响。文章从协同制定开放数据共享国际规范、参与研究数据联盟建立、发布研究数据管理政策以及积极推进研究数据建设项目等四个方面介绍了欧盟为此而作的努力。通过推动研究数据的开放共享,欧盟又一次站在了开放科学运动的前沿。欧盟为推动开放获取和研究数据而制定的一系列政策及其成果,将会对欧洲乃至世界范围内开放科学带来极大的影响,同时也对我国研究数据共享以及研究数据中心的建设提供鲜活的借鉴。文章以此为基础,介绍了我国在研究数据管理、开放共享方面的政策和措施,指出了目前我国在政策体系制定、数据发布数量与质量以及开放科学环境构建上存在的问题,并给出了相应建议。

Open access of research data is an important feature of open science,and an important measure for EU to strengthen integration and promote balanced development of Member States. It can release the energy of EU massive data,promote the construction of " European research area",improve research efficiency,and help reduce the negative impact of European debt crisis and Brexit. This paper introduces the efforts made by the EU in the following four aspects: jointly formulating international standards for open access of research data,participating in the establishment of Research Data Alliance,publishing research data management policies,and actively promoting research data construction projects. By promoting the open access of research data,the EU is once again at the forefront of the open science movement. A series of policies and achievements by EU to promote open access and research data will have a great impact on Open Science in Europe and even in the world,and will also provide fresh reference for China’s research data sharing and research data center construction. In addition,based on this,this paper introduces the policies and measures of research data management and open sharing in China,points out the problems existing in the formulation of policy system,the quantity and quality of data release and the construction of open scientific environment,and gives corresponding opinions and suggestions.