松辽平原典型黑土区有机质的变化及影响因素分析

ANALYSIS ON THE CHANGES OF ORGANIC MATTERS AND THEIR INFLUENCING FACTORS OF TYPICAL BLACK SOIL AREAS IN SONGLIAO PLAIN

根据2003~2008年松辽平原中南部地区多目标区域地球化学调查成果,研究了典型黑土区有机质的分布特征,提出了绥化-哈尔滨-四平一线典型黑土区有机质含量具有纬度地带性分布特点,有机质由北向南逐渐降低.分析了土壤有机质的影响因素,认为土壤的成土母质和土壤质地是决定有机质含量的重要基础,湖相沉积物和土壤质地细腻,黏粒成分多,有机质含量高.气温和降水等气候条件是影响土壤有机质的主要因素,低温湿润气候条件有利于有机质积累.耕地开垦时间长、作物连作和化肥使用等人为因素降低了有机质含量.

Based on the results of multi-objective regional geochemical survey in the south-central Songliao Plain during 2003-2008,the paper studies the distribution characteristics of organic matters in typical black soil areas,proposing that the organic contents in the typical black soil areas along Suihua-Harbin-Siping are characterized by latitudinal zoning distribution,with decreasing gradually from north to south.By analyzing the influencing factors of soil organic matters,it is considered that the parent material and soil texture are important basis for organic contents.The lacustrine sediments and soil with fine texture containing clayey components usually have high organic matter contents.Climate conditions such as temperature and precipitation are the key factors affecting soil organic matters.Low temperature and humid climate are conducive to organic matter accumulation.Human factors such as long cultivation,continuous cropping and fertilizer use can reduce organic content.