鹿特丹公约对我国农药出口的影响及对策建议

Impact of Rotterdam Convention on China’s Pesticide Export and Recommendations for Response

《关于在国际贸易中对某些危险化学品和农药采用事先知情同意程序的鹿特丹公约》,由联合国环境规划署(UNEP)与联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)共同发起,旨在加强各国在国际贸易中对危险化学品进行信息交流,促进各方分担责任和开展合作,推动无害环境方式使用,保护人类健康和环境。近年来,随着全球化学品生产和国际贸易的大幅增长,更多国家加入公约,公众和各国政府对危险化学品和农药可能造成的危害日益关注,公约在一定程度上分摊了农药国际贸易的责任,让进口国更多了解其危害信息,但近年来随着履约的不断深入,公约发挥的作用超出了事先知情同意程序的范围,已成为全球化学品或农药禁限用的风向标。我国是农药生产、出口大国,每年农药产量的六成左右用于出口。本文分析了公约对我国农药出口的主要影响,并提出了相应的对策建议。

The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade,sponsored by the United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),aims to enhance the exchange of information among countries on hazardous chemicals in international trade,promote shared responsibility and cooperation,promote environmentally sound use and protect human health and the environment.In recent years,with the significant increase in global chemical production and international trade,the accession of more countries to the Convention and the growing public and national Governments concern about the possible harm caused by hazardous chemicals and pesticides,the Convention has to some extent shared the responsibility for international trade in pesticides and provided importing and importing chemicals and pesticides with more information about their hazards.However,in recent years,with the increasing implementation of the Convention,the role of the Convention has exceeded the scope of the prior informed consent procedure and has become an indicator for the prohibition of chemicals or pesticides.China is a large country of pesticide production and export,about 60% of the annual pesticide output is used for export.This paper analyzed the main effects of the Convention on the export of pesticides in China,and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.