移栽机小株距栽植机构杆件优化与试验

Optimization and Test of Small Plant Spacing Planting Mechanism Rod for Transplanter

针对贵州地区辣椒种植宜机收簇生品种小株距膜上移栽农艺要求,对井关PVHR2型移栽机进行改造。在将机具最小株距由300 mm减小为150 mm后,分析株距减小前后栽植轨迹变化,以减小穴口宽度为目标,综合考虑栽植装置与整机空间位置关系、鸭嘴开合时间、入土及接苗时的姿态等,对栽植机构的杆件进行优化。仿真优化后,栽植穴口宽度由91.1 mm减小为66.3 mm,按照优化后的尺寸进行了膜上移栽试验,试验结果表明,因地膜自身弹性,穴口宽度较理论分析尺寸都略小,优化后的栽植装置在株距150 mm时,穴口宽度约为60 mm,满足使用要求。

According to the agronomic requirements of small plant spacing for transplanting of clustered varieties of Guizhou pepper planting suitable for machine harvesting,the ISEKI PVHR2 transplanter was modified.After reducing the minimum plant spacing of the machine from 300 mm to 150 mm,the trajectory changes before and after plant spacing reduction were analyzed.With the goal of reducing the size of the hole and taking into account of the spatial position relationship between the planting device and the whole machine,the opening and closing time of the duckbill and the posture when entering the soil and receiving the seedlings,etcetera,the rods of the planting device were optimized.The optimized simulation results showed that the size of the hole was reduced from 91.1 mm to 66.3 mm.The transplanting experiment on the film was carried out according to the optimized size,and the test results showed that the width of the hole was slightly smaller than the theoretical analysis due to the elasticity of the mulch.The optimized planting device had a hole size of about 60 mm when the planting distance was 150 mm,which met the requirements of use.