德国医院数量变化分析及对我国的启示

Analysis of Hospital Number Change in German and Enlightenment to China

目的描述德国医院数量和构成变化,并进行原因探析,为我国提供启示。方法对近年来德国和我国医院数量和构成变化以及床位数据进行描述性分析,并截取2017年每千人口床位数、平均住院日和病床使用率数据进行对比分析。结果德国医院数量下降,医院体系呈现出私有化和整合趋势;我国医院数量上升,公立医院数量减少,医院规模扩大。结论医院性质、财政投入和医保支付方式改革共同推动德国医院数量和构成变化。我国医院和床位数基本满足人群的健康需要,但仍有提升空间;医改政策相继落地,医疗服务提供者面临机会与挑战;医院管理者应采取多种措施提高自身竞争力。

Objective To describe the changes in the number and composition of German hospitals,and to analyze the reasons for them to provide enlightenment for China.Methods A descriptive analysis of the changes in the number and composition of hospitals in Germany and China in recent years,as well as the data on the number of beds,was carried out.The data on the number of beds per thousand people in 2017,the average length of stay and the utilization rate of beds were compared and analyzed.Results The number of hospitals in Germany has declined,and the hospital system has shown a trend of privatization and integration.The number of hospitals in China has increased.However,the number of public hospitals has decreased,and the scale of hospitals has expanded.Conclusion The nature of hospitals,financial investment and the reform of medical insurance payment methods have jointly promoted changes in the number and composition of German hospitals.The number of hospitals and beds in China basically meets the health needs of the population,but there is still room for improvement.Medical reform policies have been implemented one after another,and medical service providers are facing opportunities and challenges.Hospital managers should take various measures to improve their competitiveness.