极端气温和极端降水复合事件的气候特征

The climatic characteristics of compound extreme events

基于1961—2014年的中国台站资料,侧重探讨极端气温和极端降水复合事件的气候特征。结果表明,基于客观方法检测出四类极端复合事件:暖湿、暖干、冷湿和冷干。四类事件的频发区分别位于东北地区、华南地区、西藏及华南地区和长江以南及云贵高原一带。全国暖湿、暖干事件频数呈增加趋势,春夏季频发;冷湿事件频数在西藏东北一带呈增加趋势,而在长江流域呈减少趋势,夏秋冬季频发;冷干事件频数呈减少趋势,秋冬季频发。四类极端复合事件经验正交分解的时间序列主模态均表现为年代际信号。进一步分析四类复合事件与能源消费量的联系表明,极端湿事件与能源消费量呈正相关,而极端干事件则相反。

Based on the observation stations data in China from 1961 to 2014,the climatic characteristics of the temperature and precipitation compound extreme events were investigated.Results show that:four events were indicated as warm-wet,warm-dry,cold-wet and cold-dry events.The frequency of warm-wet event and warm-dry event show significant increasing over China and the two events mostly occurs in spring and summer.The frequency of cold-wet events show significant increasing in northeastern Tibet and decreasing in the Yangtze River Basin,and the events frequently occur in summer,autumn and winter.The frequency of cold-dry events has generally decreased,and the events frequently occur in autumn and winter.The EOF results of the four compound extreme events show significant decadal variability.The frequency of extreme wet events has positively correlated with the energy consumption,while vice versa for the extreme dry events.