摘要
本研究采取辽河油田曙光采油厂、欢喜岭采油厂和锦州采油厂井场周边土壤,并以未污染稻田土壤作为对照,分析了各采样点的土壤理化性质、石油烃浓度组成及土壤微生物群落结构。结果表明:1)3个采油厂井场周边土壤均受到严重的石油烃污染,但其石油烃浓度及组成存在一定的差异,曙光和欢喜岭采油厂土壤石油烃平均浓度是锦州采油厂的2倍以上;曙光采油厂土壤中胶质沥青质含量最高,而欢喜岭和锦州采油厂土壤中烷烃含量最高,比例均在40%以上。2)与稻田土壤相比,锦州采油厂土壤微生物操作分类单元(OTU)、Chao1指数和Shannon指数升高,而其在曙光和欢喜岭采油厂土壤中降低;各采油厂土壤样品中存在相同的优势菌门及菌属,但丰度存在较大差异。锦州采油厂土壤中分枝杆菌属、假单胞菌属的丰度高,曙光采油厂土壤中鞘氨醇单胞菌属、类诺卡氏菌属、马赛菌属的丰度高,而欢喜岭采油厂土壤中溶杆菌属、硫杆菌属、假节杆菌属的丰度高。3)相关分析表明,鞘氨醇单胞菌属、类诺卡氏菌属、硫杆菌属、马赛菌属、假节杆菌属与总石油烃、总有机碳和胶质沥青质含量呈显著正相关,分枝杆菌属、溶杆菌属、假单胞菌属与总氮和总磷呈显著正相关。本研究系统分析了不同采油厂土壤中石油烃、土壤理化性质和微生物群落特征,揭示了辽河油田污染土壤中特定的优势菌属和群落结构,为辽河油田石油烃污染土壤修复功能微生物筛选及修复过程菌群构建提供理论依据,也为其他油田高效降解菌筛选提供了方法借鉴。
We analyzed the soil physico-chemcial properties,microbial community structure,petroleum hydrocarbon contents and components in soil samples from the well sites of Shuguang,Huanxi-ling and Jinzhou oil exploitation sites in Liaohe Oilfield,with uncontaminated paddy soil as a control.The results showed that:1)The soil around all the three oil exploitation sites were seriously polluted by petroleum with certain differences in the petroleum hydrocarbon contents and components.The average content of petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil of Shuguang and Huanxiling oil exploitation sites was two times higher than that of Jinzhou oil exploitation site.The content of resins and asphaltenes in the soil of Shuguang oil exploitation site was the highest,while the soils of Huan-xiling and Jinzhou oil exploitation sites had the highest alkane content,which accounting for more than 40%in all the sites.2)Compared with the paddy soil,the microbial OTU numbers,Chao1 and Shannon indices in the soil of Jinzhou oil exploitation site increased.The dominant phyla and genera were similar in the soil of all oil exploitation sites but with large differences in abundance.The soil in Jinzhou oil exploitation site had higher abundance of Mycobacterium and Pseudomonas,while Sphingomonas and Nocardioides,Massilia in the soil of Shuguang oil exploitation site,and Lysobacter,Thiobacillus and Pseudomonas in the soil of Huanxiling oil exploitation site.3)The abundances of Sphingomonas,Nocardioides,Thiobacillus,Massilia,Pseudomonas and the contents of total petroleum hydrocarbons,total organic carbon and resins and asphaltenes were significantly positively correlated,while Mycobacterium,Lysobacter and Pseudomonas were significantly positively correlated with the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.This study systematically analyzed the petroleum hydrocarbon,physico-chemcial properties and microbial communities in the soil of different oil exploitation sites,and revealed the specific dominant bacterial genera and microbial communities in the soil of Liaohe Oilfield.Our results provided a theoretical basis for functional bacterium screening and microbial community construction in the remediation process of petroleum contaminated soil in Liaohe Oilfield,and a reference for efficient degradation bacteria screening in other oilfields.
作者
赵明阳
王卅
李凤梅
郭书海
高鹏
ZHAO Ming-yang;WANG Sa;LI Feng-mei;GUO Shu-hai;GAO Peng(Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Contaminated Soil Remediation by Bio-physicochemical Synergistic Process,Shenyang 110016,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期4215-4224,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFC1801900)资助。
关键词
采油厂
石油烃
微生物群落
高通量测序
优势菌属
oil exploitation site
petroleum hydrocarbon
microbial community
high-throughput sequencing
dominant species