易地扶贫搬迁社区的空间生产、置换与社会整合--基于宁夏固原团结村的田野调查

Research on Spatial Production,Replacement and Social Integration of Resettlement Communities--Based on the Fieldwork in Tuanjie Village,Guyuan,Ningxia

宁夏南部山区生态移民开启了中国开发式扶贫的先河,对西北地区贫困治理和生态修复具有重要启示。以宁夏固原市团结村为研究样本,运用社会空间理论,对团结村扶贫搬迁出现的生计模式、文化信仰、社会网络和集体意识变迁进行全方位考察,研究发现移民社区存在着单一中心治理、生计模式转型、社区文化打造和社会结构不稳定等问题。基于此,易地扶贫搬迁社区的社会整合策略包括政府与社会互动的政治空间治理、生计与市场互补的经济空间治理、同质与异质协同的文化空间治理、和谐与正义共筑的社会空间治理。

The ecological migration in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia has become a precedent of development-oriented poverty alleviation in China,which has important implications for poverty governance and ecological restoration in northwest China.With Tuanjie Village,Guyuan in Ningxia as the research sample,through a comprehensive investigation of livelihood mode,cultural beliefs,social network and changes of collective consciousness of the relocated people in the village by theory of social space,the study has found out such problems as single center governance,livelihood model transformation,community culture building and social structure in resettlement communities.Based on this,the social integration strategies of the resettlement communities include the creation of political space governance in which the government interacts with the society,economic space governance in which livelihood and market complement each other,cultural space governance in which homogeneity and heterogeneity coordinate,and social space governance in which harmony and justice are built together.