光伏电场对地表温度的影响研究

EFFECT OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER FIELD ON LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE

现有研究表明,光伏电场会对地表温度产生影响,但其影响范围和程度却尚未评价。该文基于多景Landsat数据,反演了电场建设前、后的地表温度,通过对比光伏电场建设前后地表温度的变化,探究光伏电场对地表温度的影响范围和程度,在此基础上利用MODIS的地表温度产品,评价研究区地表温度的昼夜和季节变化规律。结果表明光伏电场不仅改变了其占地范围内地表温度的自然变化规律,而且还影响到了周围100 m的缓冲区。与对照区相比,光伏电场在白天是明显的"冷岛",全年白天地表温度平均降幅为0.65℃;夜晚是明显的"热岛",全年夜晚地表温度平均升幅0.54℃。但夜晚的"热岛"和白天的"冷岛"效应在不同季节差异很大,夏天夜晚"热岛"效应最为明显,冬天白天"冷岛"效应最为明显。

The establishment of the solar photovoltaic power plants have a significant impact on land surface temperature.However, with the few measured data and the uncertainty of climate model, it’s difficult for us to judge the influence of solar photovoltaic power plants on land surface temperature as a whole. In the paper, some scenes of Landsat data were used to calculate the land surface temperature before and after the construction of Jinchang solar photovoltaic power plants. Then by comparing the changes of land surface temperature in photovoltaic field and the around areas, the impacted extent and range of land surface temperature by solar photovoltaic power plants have been summarized. On this basis, MODIS land surface temperature products were used to evaluate the difference between day and night,and then the seasonal variation of land surface temperature in study area was judged. At last, the following results were obtained: solar photovoltaic power plants not only change the natural variation of land surface temperature within its coverage area, but also affect the surrounding area in 100 m buffer zone. Compared with the control area, solar photovoltaic power plant is an obvious"cold island"during the day, the average land surface temperature drops by 0.65 ℃ during the day;Night is an obvious"heat island", the average land surface temperature rises by 0.54 ℃ at night. However,the"hot island"effect at night and the"cold island"effect at day time are very different in different seasons,the"hot island"effect at summer nights are the most obvious,meanwhile,the"cold island"effect during the days of winter are the most obvious.