传统重构与族群身份认同——兼及中缅佤族木鼓乐舞历史变迁的逻辑叙事

Traditional Reconstruction and Ethnic Group Identification:The Logical Narration of Wooden Drum Music and Dance Historical Changes of Chinese and Burmese Wa Ethnic Groups

文章以历史与田野双向观照的立场,通过历时考察讨论了木鼓音色特质与文化原型所模塑的肢体音声、承载的行为表达,在传统时代与文化持有者身体记忆及群体心理认同的互动关系,透视了木鼓音形象征唤起阿佤族群肢体音声"原始意象"文化经验的整体功能。同时,文章通过共时判断的书写,阐释了木鼓乐舞在非遗语境下,如何从传统的"膜拜"之物,演变为被"展示"的符号,并实现族群文化身份创造性转换的当代实践。文章意在说明源于传统时代祭祀功能的木鼓文化,经过历史的选择,何以在身体和音声方面满足民俗节庆自娱性与表演性兼具的审美要求,进而完成文化重构,并推动族群身份认同的心理增值。

Based on the dual perspectives of history and fieldwork,this paper discusses the timber characteristics of wooden drum and physical sounds molded by cultural prototypes,and its contained behavioral expression through diachronic investigation,as well as the interactive relationship between body memory of cultural holders and group psychological identity in the traditional era,and explores the overall function of cultural experience of"primitive image"of the Wa ethnic group physical sound,evoked by the sound image of wooden drum.At the same time,through the writing of synchronic judgment,the paper explains how the wooden drum music and dance evolves from the traditional"worship"to the"displayed"symbol in the context of intangible cultural heritage,and accomplishes the contemporary practice of creative transformation of ethnic cultural identity.This paper aims to explain how the wooden drum culture,which originated from the sacrificial function in traditional times,passes through the selection of history and meets the folk festivals’aesthetic requirements of both self-entertainment and performance functions in terms of body and sound,thus completing cultural reconstruction and promoting the psychological increment of ethnic identity.