“感染型”公示语的分类与翻译

Classification and Translation of Appellative Public Signs

近16年来国内公示语的翻译及研究存在思路不明确、分类不细致等问题,尤其对"感染型"公示语的类型学考察存在缺陷。感染型公示语应首先区分为"直白型"和"诗学型"两类,前者可细分为"直接型"(包含"限制性""强制性"两个次类)和"间接型"(包含"摆事实型""换口吻型"两个次类),后者可细分为"诗化型"和"互文型";其翻译应遵循"通俗""准确"和"简约"三项原则,以"交际翻译"为基本策略,但"主要功能"的传递未必要牺牲作为源文本匠心所在的感染方式。感染功能和方式两者的有效传递才是感染型公示语翻译的最高境界。

There have been problems such as inconstancy in thought and imprecision in classification in the translation of public signs and its study in China for the past 16 years.In particular,there have been obvious flaws in the interpretations of appellative public signs in terms of typology.According to this paper,such public signs may firstly be classified as"Straightforward Types"and"Poetic Types":the former may be sub-classified as"Direct Types"(including"Restricting Types"and"Prohibiting Types")and"Indirect Types"(including"Fact-Showing Types"and"Tone-Changing Types"),and the latter into"Poetic Types"and"Inter-textual Types."The translator must obey the general principles of"popularity,""precision"and"conciseness,"and adopt"communicative translation"as a primary strategy.Yet the conveyance of the primary function may not necessarily be achieved at the cost of the method of appellation,where the source text author’s talent lies.The best translation conveys both the function and the method of appellation.