农用小檗碱的急性毒性试验及安全性评价

Acute Toxicity and Safety Evaluation of Berberine as a Fungicide

[目的]评价小檗碱作为农用杀菌剂的安全性。[方法]采用经口、经皮、吸入及刺激眼睛给药,研究10%小檗碱可湿性粉剂(BBRWP)对大鼠、大白兔和斑马鱼的急性毒性;观察不同浓度小檗碱对棉花幼苗生长的影响。[结果]BBRWP的大鼠经口半数致死量LD50大于5000 mg/kg;经皮5000 mg/kg b.w.、吸入2000 mg/m^3未出现毒性;大白兔急性眼刺激出现轻微刺激。斑马鱼96 h-半数致死浓度LC50>100 mg a.i./L。0.008 mg/g小檗碱能促进棉花叶片和幼苗生长,8 mg/g小檗碱对棉花幼苗有抑制作用。[结论]依据《农药登记毒理学试验方法》,BBRWP属低毒级,但可导致个别人群过敏,研究为小檗碱田间安全使用提供理论依据。

[Aims]This study aims to evaluate the acute toxicity and biosafety of 10%berberine wettable powder(BBRWP).[Methods]The acute toxicity of BBRWP toward rats,rabbits and Brachydanio rerio was investigated.The effects of berberine on cotton seedlings were also tested.[Results]The oral or percutaneous LD50 of BBRWP was more than 5000 mg/kg,and no acute toxicity was observed at dose of 5000 mg/kg b.w.in percutaneous test and at dose of2000 mg/m^3 in inhalation test.Slight irritation on eyes was observed on rabbits.The 96 h-LC50 was more than 100 mg a.i./L on B.rerios.Notably,0.008 mg/g berberine promoted and 8 mg/g inhibited the growth of cotton seedlings,respectively.[Conclusions]BBRWP belongs to low-toxicity level.This study provides basis for future ecological applications of berberine.