新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情早期个体应激反应及应对方式对无偿献血的影响

The impact of individual stress response and coping styles on voluntary blood donation during COVID-19 early outbreak

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情早期的个体应激反应和应对方式对个体无偿献血行为的影响。方法2020年2月16日~2月29日,从金华市城区某企业以及街头符合献血条件的人群中随机选取400人,运用简易应对方式问卷调查被试者应对方式,运用修订版事件影响量表测量应激反应,采用二元逻辑回归分析献血行为影响因素。结果新冠肺炎疫情早期,390名符合无偿献血条件的被试对象完成调查,其中200人为献血者,190人未献血。献血者的应激反应总分(14.76±8.94)明显低于未献血者(16.35±9.05)(P<0.05),献血者的警觉维度得分(3.78±2.62)明显高于未献血者(2.46±3.45)(P<0.05)。献血者的积极应对得分(26.89±4.80)明显高于未献血者(23.87±5.53)(P<0.05),献血者的消极应对得分(6.53±4.06)明显低于未献血者(11.81±4.23)(P<0.05)。积极应对得分高的个体献血可能性是积极应对得分中等者的7.21倍(OR=7.21,95%CI:6.40—35.49)。警觉维度得分高的个体献血可能性是警觉维度得分中等者的5.17倍(OR=5.17,95%CI:4.15—20.16)。回避维度得分低的个体献血可能性是回避维度得分中等者的2.83倍(OR=2.83,95%CI:0.95—8.40)。结论新冠肺炎疫情早期,个体文化程度、积极应对和警觉是献血行为的促进因素,消极应对和回避是献血行为的阻碍因素。

Objective To explore the impact of individual stress response and coping styles on voluntary blood donation during the COVID-19 early outbreak.Methods From 16 to 29 February in 2020,400 prospective eligible donors,randomly selected from the street and one company,were asked to fill in simple coping style questionnaire(SCSQ)regarding coping styles.The stress response was measured using the revised event impact scale,and the influencing factors of blood donation behavior were analyzed using binary logistic regression.Results During the COVID-19 early outbreak,390 subjects,who were eligible to donate blood,completed the survey;200 of them donated blood and 190 didn′t.The total score of stress response of blood donors(14.76±8.94)was significantly lower than that of non-donors(16.35±9.05)(P<0.05),and the score of vigilance dimension of blood donors(3.78±2.62)was significantly higher than that of non-donors(2.46±3.45)(P<0.05).The score of positive coping of blood donors(26.89±4.80)was significantly higher than that of non-donors(23.87±5.53)(P<0.05),and the score of negative coping of blood donors(6.53±4.06)was significantly lower than that of non-donors(11.81±4.23)(P<0.05).Individuals with high scores of positive coping were 7.21 times more likely to donate blood than those with moderate scores of positive coping(OR=7.21,95%CI:6.40—35.49).Individuals with high scores in the vigilance dimension were 5.17 times more likely to donate blood than those with moderate scores in the vigilance dimension(OR=5.17,95%CI:4.15—20.16).Individuals with low score in the avoidance dimension were 2.83 times more likely to donate blood than those with medium score in the avoidance dimension(OR=2.83,95%CI:0.95-8.40).Conclusion In the early stage of the COVID-19 epidemic,education level,active response and vigilance were the contributing factors of blood donation behavior,and negative response and avoidance were deterrent factors.