新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对某高校不同专业大学生心理的影响

Mental health of college students of different specialties during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019

目的研究新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下高校不同专业大学生的心理健康状况,为高校大学生心理健康评估及心理危机干预提供依据。方法选择西安某高校大学生作为调查对象,采用新型冠状病毒认知及《焦虑自评量表》《抑郁自评量表》评估不同专业学生对疫情的认知及心理状况。结果收回456份问卷,其中有效问卷430份。在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,总体焦虑评分(38.37±7.46)分,抑郁评分(42.51±10.65)分,焦虑抑郁水平高于中国成人常模。临床专业学生对于疫情的关注度及应激较其他专业高。在焦虑评分中,临床专业、临床相关专业、非医学专业得分为(36.28±7.25)、(39.75±7.00)、(39.35±7.89)分,方差分析显示组间有统计学差异(P<0.001);不同专业进行组间LSD检验,临床专业与临床相关专业(P<0.001)、临床专业与非医学专业有统计学差异(P=0.001)。在抑郁评分中,临床专业、临床相关专业、非医学专业得分为(40.31±10.40)、(44.08±10.41)、(43.33±10.90)分,方差分析显示组间有统计学差异(P=0.004);不同专业进行组间LSD检验,临床专业与临床相关专业(P=0.001)、临床专业与非医学专业有统计学差异(P=0.027)。结论新型冠状病毒疫情期间,高校大学生焦虑抑郁水平高于中国成人常模。较临床相关专业、非医学专业,临床专业大学生对疫情信息关注度及应激反应较强,焦虑抑郁情绪较轻。

Objective To investigate the mental health status of college students of different specialties during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)so as to provide the basis for college students’mental health assessment and psychological crisis intervention.Methods The survey conducted among students of a university in Xi’an was composed of common questionnaires like the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Depression Rating Scale(SDS),and the students’understanding of COVID-19.The differences among students of different specialties were compared by ANOVA and LSD-test.Results A total of 456 students’questionnaires were collected online,with an effective rate of 93.68%.During the outbreak of the epidemic,the depression score was 42.51±10.65 pointswhile the overall anxiety score was 38.37±7.46 points,which was higher than the Chinese adult norm score.Students of clinical medicine had a higher level of concern over and stress response to COVID-19 than those of other specialties.The average SAS and SDS sores differed significantly between the three groups(P<0.001 for SAS,and P=0.004 for SDS).Anxiety score reached 36.28±7.25 for students of clinical medicine,39.75±7.00 for students of specialties related to clinical medicine,and 39.35±7.89 for other non-clinical majored students.The SAS score of clinical students was significantly lower than that of students of specialties related to clinical medicine(P<0.001)and non-clinical majored students(P=0.001).The SDS scores were significantly higher for clinical medicine related students(P=0.001)and non-clinical majored students(P=0.027)than for clinical students.Conclusion College students had higher levels of anxiety and depression than the norm score of other adults in China during the epidemic of COVID-19.Compared with students of other specialties,those of clinical medicine were found to have a high level of concern about and stress response to the epidemic of COVID-19,but a lower level of anxiety and depression.