夫妻共同债务规则的法理逻辑

The Legal Logic of the Rule of the Couple's Joint Debt

《民法典》夫妻共同债务规则的债务范围标准可以体现法律行为理论的核心与逻辑,充分尊重当事人的意思表示,期望避免“被负债”现象。《民法典》将原夫妻共同债务规则的法理逻辑由物权中共有改为法律行为理论,这是夫妻共同债务在法理逻辑上的理性回归,规避了共有逻辑下出现的随意借贷、“被负债”、危害婚姻家庭稳定等现象;法律行为理论高度重视当事人的意思表示,充分保护当事人合法权益,能以一以贯之的逻辑解释夫妻共同债务规则,并与其他相关制度衔接。但是夫妻共同债务规则目前也并非完美无缺,在清偿规则、日常家事代理权等方面仍需完善。

According to the Civil Code,the standard of the debt s scope in the couple s joint debt rules can reflect the core and logic of the theory of legal act,which fully respects the parties expression of will,and expects to avoid the phenomenon of“being in debt”.The Civil Code changed the logic of the former rule of the joint debt of a couple based on the common ownership of real rights to take the legal action theory as the legal logic.This is a rational return of the legal logic of the joint debt of a couple,and avoids the phenomenon of random loan,“being in debt”and endangering the stability of marriage and family,etc.The theory of legal act takes the expression of will as the core,which fully protects the legitimate rights and interests of the parties,explains the common debt rules of a couple with consistent logic,and connects with other relevant systems.However,the rules of the couple s joint debt are not perfect at present,and they still need to be improved in terms of liquidating rules,daily household agency rights,etc.