我国环境治理模式的新发展:从单维治理到多元共治

The New Development of China's Environmental Governance Model:From Single Dimension Governance to Multiple Co-governance

生态环境的特性决定了生态环境领域特别适合包括公共部门、私人部门以及社会组织以及公众等在内的利益相关者共同治理。多元共治作为解决环境问题的新思路,具有主体、效率、成本以及制度安排等优势。然而,由于有限理性、利己主义等原因,在生态环境多元共治过程中存在政府环境监管的公信力有待加强、企业环境治理的主体性作用发挥不够、社会力量参与环境治理的能动性不足以及跨部门治理主体间协同性不强等问题,这必然会给多元共治的实现带来一定的阻碍。达成生态环境多元共治格局,需要从理念、主体、制度与法律等四个层面进行考量。

The characteristics of the ecological environment determine that it is particularly suitable for the joint governance of the public sector,private partners and stakeholders.As a new thinking of solving environmental problems,multiple co-governance has advantages in main bodies,efficiency,cost,and institutional arrangements.However,due to bounded rationality,egoism,etc,there are many problems in multiple co-governance of the ecological environment.For example,the authority of the government in environmental supervision is not obvious,the enterprises as the main bodies in environmental governance is not enough,the initiative of social forces participating in environmental governance is insufficient,and the coordination among cross-departmental governance subjects is poor,which will inevitably bring certain obstacles to the realization of multiple co-governance.In order to achieve the pattern of multiple co-governance of ecological environment,we need to consider the concepts,main bodies,systems and laws.