我国农村社区居家养老研究综述:需求、供给与匹配

A research review of Home-Based Senior Care in Rural Communities in China:Demand,Supply and Matching

文章从养老需求、服务供给和供需匹配三个方面对2000—2019年间发表在CSSCI期刊(含扩展版)上的相关文献进行了梳理。发现养老需求方面的文献主要探讨了农村老人的需求结构、影响因素和特殊群体的养老需求;服务供给方面的文献主要探讨了供给主体和供给模式;供需匹配方面的文献主要探讨匹配程度的评价,提出了精准匹配的目标。从农村养老服务供求关系来看,未来研究的着力点应放在以下方面:一是识别农村老人有效需求,探讨社会因素对农村老人养老需求的影响及影响因素的动态变化;二是探索社会组织参与农村社区居家养老的激励机制、不同层级政府作用的实现机制和多元供给主体间的协同机制;三是加强对供需双方的信息共享机制以及“养老管家”和信息技术作用的研究。

Home-based senior care in community is the choice of most Chinese rural elderly.In practice,there are many problems in its development.Based on the theory of Service Chain,the paper reviewed researches published on CSSCI journal during 2000 to 2019 from three aspects,including senior care demand,service supply and matching of supply and demand.It is found that the research from demand aspect discussed the demand structure,the influence factor and the demand of vulnerable elderly group.The research from supply aspect discussed the supply entity and the supply model,and the research from matching aspect explored the evaluation of matching degree.Based on these,some future research directions are proposed.The paper provides a foundation for the follow-up studies and a reference for the practice of home-based senior care in rural community.