我国新冠疫情国内防控治理的成效与经验——基于全国范围网络调研数据的分析

The Governance Effectiveness and Experience of China’s COVID-19 Pandemic Prevention and Control--An Analysis Based on the Data from a National-Wide Internet Survey

2019年末—2020年的新冠疫情必将因为其影响范围广、影响程度深而载入史册。本文基于全国34个省市自治区371个城市的网络调研数据,分析了新冠疫情国内防控治理中居民与企业个体应对疫情的行为变化,居民生活、消费、出行行为变化,工作学习方式变化,身心健康变化,企业行为变化等。研究发现,新冠疫情对整个社会包括居民和企业个体的生产、经营、生活、学习等都造成了前所未有的严重负面冲击。我国广大居民个体和企业都对新冠疫情产生的冲击做出了必要及时的预防与反应,外出出行、交往、出差的频率大大降低,不必要的应酬、来往大幅度减少,家庭生活、组织关怀与亲情的重要性大大提升;同时,疫情的冲击也为全社会进行经济、管理、商业、企业创新提供了难得机遇。文章首次从微观个体和大样本调研的角度证明了我国政府出台的新冠疫情防控举措的有效性、及时性和合理性;同时,调研结果也充分彰显了儒家文化基础上亲民政府、团结社会、良好居民与企业个体之间的紧密关联和融洽的社会关系;在此基础上,文章认为全国一盘棋、集中统一领导、一切为了人民、及时回应社会关切、务实有效的治理举措、社区联防联控的治理举措等乃是中国特色社会主义体制的最大优势,也是战胜新冠疫情的最大制度优势。

COVID-19 pandemic from the end of 2019 to 2020 will be recorded in history because of its wide range and deep influence.Based on the nationwide network survey data,this paper analyzes the behavior changes of residents and enterprises in COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control in China,including the behavior changes in response to the epidemic situation,changes in residents’life,consumption and travel behavior,changes in work and learning styles,changes in physical and mental health,and changes in enterprise behavior.It finds that most people and enterprise responds well,promptly and effectively,to this negative shock.This paper is the first paper which discusses nationwide micro-evidence of Chinese covid-19 prevention and control,and provides us with evidence of the governance effectiveness of Chinese covid-19 prevention.On this basis,it summarizes the paper and argues that this is the biggest institutional advantage of Chinese socialist system when encountering such big pandemic.