论自由的多维限度——对西方哲学中自由观的透视

Multidimensional Limits of Freedom:A Perspectiveof the Concept of Freedom in Western Philosophy

自由观是西方哲学的核心内容之一,所谓自由之限度,便是人们面临自由抉择时的指导原则或行为标准.西方哲学家对自由之限度的论述,大致包括:自由应服从于德行和善的制约;自由应服从于法律和社会规范的制约;自由应服从于“形而上本体”或客观规律的制约;自由应服从于内心理性和良知的制约.西方哲学家的自由观,将人的行为限制在法律规范和道德规范之内,这些思想值得我们学习和借鉴.

The concept of freedom is one of the core contents of western philosophy.The so-called limit of freedom is the guiding principle or standard of behavior when people face free choices.The western philosophers discussion on the limit of freedom roughly includes:freedom should be subject to the restriction of virtue and goodness;freedom should be subject to laws and social norms;freedom should be subject to the restriction of“metaphysical noumenon”or objective laws;freedom should be subject to the restriction of inner reason and conscience.Western philosophers view of freedom limits human behavior to legal norms and moral norms,which is worth learning and using for reference.