厂坝铅锌矿充填关键技术研究

Key Filling Technology in Changba Lead-Zinc Mine

以厂坝铅锌矿为研究对象,针对矿山开采中存在的不稳定采空区多,损失、贫化率高,通风条件差等问题。提出了采用充填采矿法的新方案,根据厂坝铅锌矿的生产现状、矿体赋存情况、矿岩稳定性等,确定采用空场嗣后胶结充填与上向水平分层胶结充填联合应用的采矿工艺,利用三维建模技术构建了采矿方法三维模型,对具体采矿工艺进行了分析论证。针对厂坝铅锌矿尾砂中超细颗粒比例较高的问题,提出了尾砂+细石的充填配比方案,并进行了充填材料配比试验,利用MATLAB数据分析软件建立了不同养护龄期各种配比的三维数据分析模型,最终确定了适合厂坝铅锌矿的最佳配比,即全尾砂∶细石=7∶3、各灰砂比质量浓度为74%~78%时充填效果最佳。经过优化研究,极大地提高了矿山的经济效益,有力地保障了矿山的安全生产。实践证明,厂坝铅锌矿采用本研究确定的采矿方法及充填材料配比在经济是合理的,技术上是可行的。

Taking Changba Lead-Zinc Mine as the research object,the problems in mining are focused on to be dis-cussed,such as numerous unstable goaf,high loss,high dilution rate and poor ventilation. A new scheme of filling and min-ing is put forward. According to production status,orebody occurrence and ore-rock stability of Changba Lead-Zinc Mine,the joint mining process of the open stoping with subsequent cemented filling and the mining with upward horizontal layeredcemented filling is determined to be adopted. 3 D modeling technique is used to make 3 D model of mining method and to ana-lyze the specific mining process;In view of the high proportion of ultra-fine particles in tailings of Changba Lead-Zinc Mine,the filling proportion scheme of tailings and fine grained rocks is proposed,and the proportion tests of filling material are car-ried out. The three-dimensional data analysis model of various proportions at different curing ages is established by usingMATLAB software. Finally,the optimal ratio suitable for Changba Lead-Zinc Mine is determined,that is,the ratio of fulltailings to fine grained rocks is 7∶3,and the mass concentration of lime to sand is 74%~78%. After optimization,the eco-nomic benefit of the mine has been greatly improved and the safety production of the mine has been effectively guaranteed.The practice shows that the mining method and the ratio of filling material determined in this study are reasonable in econo-my and feasible in processing.