澳大利亚高等教育国际化政策:背景、走向和特点

Higher Education Internationalization Policy in Australia:Background,Trend and Characteristics

在亚洲国家高等教育蓬勃发展、国际教育市场竞争日益加剧、全球金融危机影响政府高等教育经费投入等因素推动下,澳大利亚近十年的高等教育国际化政策的主体走向政府、教育组织、高校三位一体,政策目标走向政治、经济、教育目标并重,政策对象走向国家、高校、学生三层次并行,政策手段走向国内和国际合作手段共同支撑。近十年,澳大利亚高等教育国际化政策体现出以国际教育的可持续发展为战略引导、以保证教育质量和国际学生的积极体验为核心旨归、以“引进来”和“走出去”国际双向交流为路径支撑的主要特点,这些经验在一定程度上对促进我国高等教育国际化政策的优化和完善具有启发意义。

Under the push of the vigorous development of higher education in Asian countries,the increasing competition in the international education market,and the influence of the global financial crisis on the government funding for higher education,the higher education internationalization policy in Australia over the last decade has some new trends.Firstly,policy subjects tend to be government,educational organizations and universities.Secondly,policy objectives tend to involve politics,economy and education.Thirdly,policy objects tend to cover the levels of state,universities and students.Lastly,means of domestic and international cooperation both tend to be important policy instruments.These policies follow the value logic of regarding sustainable development of international education as the strategic guidance,the quality of education and the positive experience of international students as the core purpose,and the international two-way exchanges as the support path.To some extent,Australian experience has enlightening significance for optimizing the higher education internationalization policy in China.