从系统工程角度解析EN 15380标准的应用价值

Analysis of the Application Value of EN15380 Standard from the Perspective of System Engineering

以动车组为代表的铁路机车车辆是一种复杂产品,近年来欧洲铁路工业在动车组设计研制中普遍采用了系统工程方法,通过从不同角度对系统的分解降低复杂性,形成了EN 15380系列标准,我国在动车组管理信息系统(EMIS)的建设中也有所借鉴,但对该系列标准的应用价值还未有深入理解。通过文献研究法,对EN 15380、IEC/ISO 81346和ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288等标准的基本内容和演进历程进行了梳理,并分析了标准的相关性和配合关系。在基于模型的系统工程(MBSE)流程中,通过需求分析、功能分析、逻辑分析和物理分析等逐步形成系统FBS、LBS和PBS,分别对应于EN 15380系列标准中定义的列车FBS、SBS和PBS。以EuroSpec、EUTREQ和CON⁃NECTA等项目为例介绍了EN 15380标准在欧洲的应用情况,作为工业4.0的重要使能技术,MBSE已被欧洲铁路工业广泛接受和应用,建议我国未来新型动车组研制中予以采用。

The railway rolling stock,represented by the electric multiple unit(EMU),is a complex product.In recent years,the system engi⁃neering method has been generally adopted by European railway industry in the design and development of the EMU train.Complexity is re⁃duced by system decomposition from different views,and EN 15380 series standard has been formed,which is also referenced by the Equip⁃ment Management Information System(EMIS)in China.However,the application value of the standard has not been understood in depth.Through the literature research method,the basic content and evolution of the standards such as EN 15380,IEC/ISO 81346 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 are reviewed,and the relevance and coordination of the standards are analyzed.In the model-based system engineering(MBSE)process,the system FBS,LBS,and PBS are gradually formed through requirements analysis,functional analysis,logic analysis,and physi⁃cal analysis,corresponding to the train FBS,SBS,and PBS as defined in EN 15380.Taking EuroSpec,EUTREQ and CONNECTA as examples,the application of EN 15380 standard in Europe is presented.As an important enabling technology of Industry 4.0,MBSE has been widely accepted and applied by the European railway industry,which is suggested to be adopted in the future development of the new EMU in China.