高渗透率下风电的调频技术研究综述

Review on Frequency Regulation Technology with High Wind Power Penetration

近年来全球风电渗透率不断提高,风电机组逐步替代传统同步机组,是引起电力系统频率调整困难、影响电网安全的主因之一。通过升级控制设计,风电可以提供旋转惯性和频率调节能力,变害为益,改善系统频率安全。结合调频时间尺度,详述风电参与调频的各控制方法原理和特性,并分析不同方法的利弊和适应环节。分析高渗透率风电并网对电力系统频率稳定的影响,结合近年来多起风电参与的电力系统频率安全事故,指出不少国家和地区都调高了风电调频技术标准。最后,提出应该在技术经济评价、市场与准入等问题开展深入研究,以促进风电成为未来电力系统调频的重要组成部分。

In recent years,the global wind power penetration rate has continued to increase,and wind turbines have gradually replaced traditional synchronous units,which is one of the main reasons that cause power system frequency regulation difficulties and affect grid safety.By upgrading the control design,wind power can provide rotational inertia and frequency regulation capabilities,turn damage into benefits,and improve system frequency safety.Combined with the frequency regulation time scale,this paper details the principles and characteristics of each control method of wind turbine participation in frequency regulation,and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different methods and the adaptation process.The influence of high penetration caused by wind power grid integration on the frequency stability of the power system is analyzed.In combination with many recent power system frequency safety accidents involving wind power,it is pointed out that many countries and regions have raised the wind power frequency regulation technology standards.Finally,it is proposed that in-depth research should be conducted on issues such as technical and economic evaluation,market and access,in order to promote wind power to play important role in future power system frequency regulation.