洪泽湖湿地保护区冬季雁鸭类群落分布及年际变化

Population distribution and interannual variation of Anseriformes overwintering in Hongze Lake Wetland Reserve

为了解江苏泗洪洪泽湖湿地国家级自然保护区冬季雁鸭类种群分布及年际变化,该研究于2016—2019年冬季采用样点法对保护区3个管护站片区的越冬雁鸭类数量与分布进行了调查。共记录雁鸭类22种,包括国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物3种:小天鹅(Cygnus columbianus)、白额雁(Anser albifrons)和鸳鸯(Aix galericulata)。记录物种数和种群数量呈逐年上升趋势,2019年记录到最多的雁鸭类22种共计20054只,绿翅鸭(Anas crecca)记录数量最多。保护区内雁鸭类呈聚集式分布,双沟管护站片区雁鸭类种类、数量、群落多样性均显著高于其他站点片区。溧河洼区域的退渔还湿工程可能显著提高了雁鸭类栖息地的生境质量。

To learn the population distribution and interannual variation of Anseriformes overwintering in the Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve,their number and distribution were investigated by point count method in the areas around 3 management stations during the winter of 2016—2019.A total of 22 species of Anseriformes were recorded.Of these species,Cygnus columbianus,Anser albifrons and Aix galericulata were listed as ClassⅡnational protected species.The number of species and populations recorded remained on the upward trend annually,a total of 20,054 Anseriformes of 22 species were recorded in 2019,Anas crecca had the largest population.Anseriformes in the Reserve were distributed in an aggregate manner,the species number,population and community diversity of Anseriformes around Shuanggou Station were significantly higher than those in other areas,suggesting that the quality of Anseriformes habitat have significantly been improved by the project of reducing fishing and increasing wetlands in Lihewa area.