道路基础设施数字化研究进展与展望

Current Status and Future Prospects of Existing Research on Digitalization of Highway Infrastructure

为进一步促进交通基础设施向数字化、网络化、智能化发展,采用文献研究法对道路基础设施数字化领域的研究进展和发展趋势进行分析。首先通过检索中国知网(CNKI)中文核心合集数据库和Web of ScienceTM、IEEE等英文数据库中与主题相关的文献(中文229篇,英文2395篇),基于科学知识图谱对文献进行梳理与分析,并结合现有研究中的技术领域与工程应用场景,对道路基础设施数字化做出了定义。在此基础上进一步构建了道路基础设施数字化的技术架构,包括:感知获取层、集成处理层、业务应用层、标准与规范体系以及安全与管控体系;此外重点介绍了数字道路信息感知技术、数据管理与分析技术、全生命周期工程应用等关键技术的发展现状,进一步展望了未来技术发展的前景。最终通过梳理道路基础设施数字化现有研究存在的问题和不足,对其今后的发展做出展望。结果表明:道路基础设施数字化是由特定的检测与感知技术、数据传输与通讯网络、信息平台与安全系统构成,具有多元智能性。在路面信息的采集过程中,传感器在耐久性和实用性等方面存在的技术难题仍需进一步解决;物联网、地理信息系统、建筑信息模型、信息物理系统、数字孪生、大数据驱动在内的多种技术手段在道路基础设施性能监测和管理过程中具有广阔的应用前景。

For further promoting the highway transportation infrastructure to be digitalized,networked,and intelligent,the literature was searched in order to analyze the research progress and development trends in the field of highway infrastructure digitization.The literature related to the subject was firstly searched in the Chinese core collection database of CNKI,Web of ScienceTM,IEEE,and other English databases(229 articles in Chinese and 2395 articles in English are found),then was sorted out and analyzed based on the Mapping Knowledge Domains,and highway infrastructure digitization was defined combined with the technical fields and engineering application scenarios in existing research.The technical frame of highway infrastructure digitalization was built on this basis,including the perception acquisition layer,integrated processing layer,business application layer,standard and regulatory system,and security and control system.The development status of key technologies such as digital road information perception technology,data management,and analysis technology,and full life cycle engineering applications was primarily discussed,along with the prospects for future technology development.Finally,the existing problems and shortcomings of the previous research on highway infrastructure digitalization were summarized and a prospect for its future development was proposed in the discussion.The results showed that the digitalization of highway infrastructure is composed of specific detection and perception technologies,data transmission and communication networks,information platforms and security systems,and has multiple intelligences.In the process of collecting road information,the technical problems of sensors in terms of durability and practicability still need to be further resolved.It is shown that technical methods including the Internet of Things(IOT),Geographic Information System(GIS),Building Information Models(BIM),Cyber-physical Systems(CPS),Digital Twin,and big Data-driven techniques,have broad application prospects in the process of highway infrastructure performance monitoring and management.