后疫情时代我国拔尖创新人才要继续“走出去”——基于对院士留学经历的分析

China′s top innovative talents should continue to"go out"in the post-epidemic era:based on the analysis of academicians′experiences of studying abroad

作为我国教育对外开放事业的重要组成部分,出国留学在提高教育质量、促进文明交流等方面发挥了积极作用。本研究以本科毕业于1972年以后的两院院士为研究样本,使用简历分析法和传记研究法分析其成长中的留学经历。研究发现,大多数院士都有出国留学经历,且相关经历促进了以两院院士为代表的拔尖创新人才在科研素养的养成和个人成长等方面的极大发展,对其在国内进行开创性的研究发挥了重要的推动作用,是其成长的关键转折点。疫情对出国留学的影响是暂时的,后疫情时代我们要进一步坚持统筹谋划,突出工作重点,不断提升留学工作水平,将中国高等教育高质量、大规模地投入“国际化进程”,培养出我国发展所需要的各类拔尖创新人才,进而更好地服务于我国强国战略,具体做到:基于历史经验,逐渐推动留学目的国分散化;促进和深化高校课程和教学改革,实现外语教学多元化;扩大留学人员规模,提高资助力度并促进资助来源多元化。

The study takes academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering who graduated with a bachelor′s degree after 1972 as research samples,and uses resume analysis and biographical research methods to analyze their experiences of studying abroad.It finds that most academicians have experiences of studying abroad;the relevant experience makes top-notch innovative talents represented by academicians of two academies achieve great progress in scientific research literacy development and personal growth,promotes their pioneering research in China,and is the key turning point of their growth.In the post-epidemic era,we should improve the work level of studying abroad,put China′s higher education into the"internationalization process"with high quality and large scale,and cultivate top-notch innovative talents for China′s development.Specifically,we should promote the decentralization of destination countries for studying abroad;deepen university curriculum and teaching reform,and realize the diversification of foreign language teaching;expand the scale of overseas students,increase efforts in funding,and promote the diversification of funding sources.