陇东黄土高原地区生态系统格局变化及驱动力分析

Analysis of Ecosystem Pattern and Driving Force of Loess Plateau in Longdong

利用地理信息与生态遥感解译技术,对2013至2018年陇东黄土高原生物多样性保护优先区域生态系统格局变化特征进行定量分析.结果表明:研究区生态系统结构较为简单,主要以森林-灌丛、草地、农田3种Ⅰ级生态系统和落叶阔叶林、落叶阔叶灌丛、温性草原、草丛、旱地5种Ⅱ级生态系统为主;研究期内各类生态系统面积变化率、综合动态度和景观指数变化不显著,生态系统格局总体表现稳定;各类生态系统景观格局变化的主导因素为社会环境,退耕还林、退耕还草及其他生态环境保护政策的实施,使得研究区植被覆盖度逐渐提高,生态环境趋于好转.

A quantitative analysis of the characteristics of ecosystem changes in key areas of biodiversity protection on the Loess Plateau from 2013 to 2018 was carried out,using geo-information and ecological remote sensing interpretation technology.The results showed that:the ecosystem structure of the research area was relatively simple,mainly three class ofⅠecosystems(forest-shrub,grassland,farmland)and five dry land class ofⅡ-level ecosystems(deciduous broad-leaved forest,deciduous broad-leaved shrub,warm grassland,grassland).During the study period,the rate of change of the area of all types of ecosystems,the degree of comprehensive dynamic and landscape index changes were not significant,the overall performance of the ecosystem pattern is stable;the dominant factors of the various types of ecological landscape pattern changes were the social environment,the implementation of forest,grass and other ecological environmental protection.