乡村中小学校长心理韧性对自主性影响的实证研究——工作延迟满足的中介作用

An Empirical Study on the Influence of Resilience of Rural Primary and Secondary School Headmasters on Their Autonomy:The Mediating Effect of Vocational Delay of Gratification

目的:探讨乡村中小学校长心理韧性、职业延迟满足及自主性的关系。方法:采用孟晓磊(2010)编制的自主性量表,Wagnild&Young编制的The 14-Item Resilience Scale(RS-14中文版)心理韧性量表,刘晓燕等(2007)编制的具有本土化特征的职业延迟满足问卷对264名乡村中小学校长进行测量。结果:(1)乡村中小学校长自主性发展总体处于较高水平,但各维度发展不均衡;(2)乡村中小学校长的自主性在性别及工作年限变量上存在显著差异。男性校长自主性显著高于女性校长;自主性以工作年限分组得分排序为:5-10年>15-20年>10-15年>5年及以下,工作年限5年以下组自主性得分显著低于其余三组;(3)异质性检验发现,心理韧性对自主性的影响作用因工作年限不同而发生变化,10-15年工作年限组乡村中小学校长心理韧性对自主性影响相较其他工作年限组出现明显下降;(4)乡村中小学校长心理韧性对校长自主性有显著正向影响;(5)其职业延迟满足部分中介了心理韧性和自主性之间的关系。结论:乡村中小学校长在困境应对的过程中,心理韧性可以通过职业延迟满足对个体的自主性产生积极的影响作用。

To explore the relationship among the resilience,vocational delay of gratification and autonomy,of rural primary and secondary school headmasters.264 rural primary and secondary school headmasters were measured with the autonomy scale compiled by Meng Xiaolei(2010),the 14 item Resilience Scale(rs-14 Chinese version)compiled by wagnild&young,and the occupational delay satisfaction questionnaire with localization characteristics compiled by Liu Xiaoyan etc(2007).(1)the development of rural primary and secondary school principals autonomy is at a high level,but the development of each dimension is unbalanced;(2)there are significant differences in gender and working years of rural primary and secondary school headmasters autonomy.The autonomy of male headmasters was significantly higher than that of female headmasters;the ranking of autonomy by working years was:5-10 years>15-20 years>10-15 years>below 5 years,and the autonomy score of the group working years below 5 years was significantly lower than the other three groups;(3)heterogeneity test found that the effect of resilience on autonomy changed with different working years,and the working years of 10-15 years group was significant decline Compared with other working years;(4)the resilience of Headmasters in rural primary and secondary schools had a significant positive impact on their autonomy;(5)their career delay partly mediated the relationship between psychological resilience and autonomy.in the process of coping with difficulties,the psychological resilience of rural primary and secondary school headmasters can have a positive impact on individual autonomy through career delay.