文明再造:社会转型时期的大学文化使命——论胡适的大学理念及其现实意义

Reproduction of Civilization:The Cultural Mission of University during the Period of Social Transformation:On Hu Shi s Ideals of University and Its Practical Significance

中西文化的冲突与融合是中国近代社会剧烈转型的主线之一。胡适的“全盘西化”,实际上是通过科学理性的改造来推动文化的现代转型。要推进文化转型就必须发展文化教育,胡适坚持教育救国的理念,教育是建国之根本,学术独立是教育的重要组成部分,也是再造文明的重要手段。学术独立有赖于学校能够培养出具有独立人格的人才,促进中国学术的真正独立,担当文明再造的历史重任。当前,我国经济发展进入新常态,转型时期的大学文化自觉就是要尊重我国传统文化和高等教育环境,实事求是,增强自信,形成具有中国特色的大学文化。在文化自觉的基础上,大学的文化使命是以文化创新为动力,大力推进文化输出。大学不仅要有世界一流的科研水平和人才培养能力,在文化建设方面更应担当重任,自觉地以我国文化为切入点,以全球视野整合和创新多元文化,促进中国文化发展与传播。

The conflict and integration of Chinese and Western cultures is one of the main lines of the dramatic transformation of modern Chinese society.Hu Shi s“Total Westernization”actually promoted the modern transformation of culture through the transformation of scientific rationality.To promote cultural transformation,it is necessary to develop cultural education.Hu Shi insisted on the idea of saving the country through education.Education is the foundation of nation-building.Academic independence is an important part of education and an important means of rebuilding civilization.Academic independence depends on the university s ability to cultivate talents with independent personality,promote the true independence of Chinese academics,and shoulder the historical responsibility of rebuilding civilization.At present,China s economic development has entered a new normal.The university cultural consciousness in the transition period is to respect China s traditional culture and higher education environment,seek truth from facts,enhance self-confidence,and form a university culture with Chinese characteristics.On the basis of cultural consciousness,the cultural mission of the university is to drive cultural innovation and vigorously promote cultural output.Universities must not only have world-class scientific research levels and talent training capabilities,but also shoulder important responsibilities in cultural construction,consciously take Chinese culture as the starting point,adhere to a global perspective,integrate and innovate multiculturalism,and promote the development and dissemination of Chinese culture.