游梁式抽油机智能节能技术研究与应用

Research and Application of Intelligent Energy Saving Technology for Beam Pumping Unit

游梁式抽油机存在平衡效果差、能耗高、系统效率低等问题,实际生产中需要人工调平衡的方法,使其平衡率达到合格范围。但人工调节方法存在劳动强度大、安全风险高、调整精度有限等缺点。在研究常规游梁式抽油机结构的基础上,以节能为出发点,对其尾部平衡结构进行改造,优化设计方案,设计研发了抽油机智能平衡装置。该装置可使抽油机在井下负载发生变化时,始终处于最佳的运行状态,达到节能降耗的目的。现场应用表明,平衡率由75%提升到97%,日耗电由84 kW·h下降到72 kW·h,节电14.2%,油井时率由98.7%上升到约100%。该装置具有平衡率高、节电率高、安全可靠性高的特点。

Due to its own structure,the beam pumping unit has some problems such as poor balance effect,high energy consumption and low system efficiency.In actual production,it is necessary to adjust the balance manually to make the balance rate reach the quali⁃fied range.However,the manual balance adjustment method has the disadvantages of high labor intensity,high safety risk and low ad⁃justment accuracy.On the basis of in-depth study on the structure of conventional beam pumping unit,in order to save energy,the tail balance structure of it is reformed,and an intelligent balance device of pumping unit is developed and designed.The device can make the pumping unit always in the best operation state when the load changes in the downhole,so as to achieve the purpose of energy sav⁃ing and consumption reduction.Field applications show that the balance rate of the beam pumping unit is increased from 75%to 97%,the daily power consumption is reduced from 84 kW.h to 72 kW.h,and the power saving rate is 14.2%.The oil well hourly rate is in⁃creased from 98.7%to nearly 100%.The device has the characteristics of high balance rate,high power saving rate,high safety and re⁃liability.