橡胶树老幼态芽条籽苗芽接成活及接穗抽芽差异性分析

The Difference Analysis of Survival Rate and Sprouting between the Mature and Juvenile Bud Stick of Grafted Hevea brasiliensis Seedling

以热垦525、RRII105及云研73-477共3个橡胶树无性系老幼态芽条为接穗材料,GT1实生籽苗为砧木进行籽苗芽接,通过统计其芽接成活率、抽芽率、抽生角度及早期生长量等指标,分析老幼态芽条籽苗芽接成活及接穗抽芽的差异性。结果表明:幼态芽条的籽苗芽接成活率显著或极显著高于同一无性系的老态芽条(P<0.05,P<0.01),均值高达97.80%~100%,较老态芽条高5.02%~7.78%;抽芽率及抽生角度在同一品种老幼态芽条间存在极显著差异(P<0.01),砧木打顶50 d时,幼态芽条的抽芽率达68.85%~85.97%,较老态芽条的高10.44%~17.04%,抽生角度为15.21°~18.17°,约为老态芽条的0.39~0.51倍;幼态芽条籽苗芽接苗的生势较老态芽条的好,砧木打顶90 d时,均高和茎粗分别为40.00~46.31 cm和3.75~4.73 mm,较老态芽条的高12.71~14.91 cm,粗0.18~0.99 mm。

In order to study the differences of bud survival and scion sprouting between the mature and juvenile bud stick of Hevea brasiliensis,the mature and juvenile bud stick of the three rubber tree clones(Reken 525,RRII105 and Yunyan 73-477)were used as scions and the GT1 seedlings as rootstocks,the bud grafting survival rate,budding rate,growth angle and early growth of seedlings were analyzed systematically.The results showed that the survival rate of seed seedling bud grafting of juvenile bud sticks was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of the mature bud sticks of the same clone(P<0.05 or P<0.01):the survival rate was as high as 97.80%-100%,which was(5.02%-7.78%)higher than that of the mature ones.The budding rate and growth angle were extremely significantly different between the mature and juvenile bud sticks of the same clone(P<0.01):after 50 days of topping,the budding rate of the juvenile bud sticks reached 68.85%-85.97%,which was(10.44%-17.04%)higher than that of the mature ones,the growth angle was 15.21°-18.17°,which was about 0.39-0.51 times of the mature ones.The vigor and uniformity of seedling grafting of juvenile bud sticks were better than those of mature bud sticks:after 90 days of topping,the seedling height was 40.00-46.31 cm,which was(12.71-14.91 cm)higher than that of mature ones,and the stem diameter was 3.75-4.73 mm,which was(0.18-0.99 mm)higher than that of mature ones.