海南槟榔苗期主要病虫害种类调查

Investigation on Main Diseases and Insect Pests of Areca catechu Seedlings in Hainan

通过对海南4个市县13个槟榔种苗基地的系统调查和检测鉴定,明确了海南槟榔主产区发生的病害有由胶孢炭疽菌复合种(Colletotrichum fructicola、Colletotrichum arecicola和Colletotrichum siamense)引起的炭疽病、由槟榔坏死环斑病毒(Areca palm necrotic ringspot virus,ANRSD)和槟榔坏死梭斑病毒(Areca palm necrotic spindle-spot virus,ANSSD)引起的病毒病;虫害主要有黑刺粉虱(Aleurocanthus spiniferus Quaintanca)、广白盾蚧(Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli Cooley)、矢尖盾蚧(Unaspis yanonensis Kuwana)、银毛吹棉蚧(Icerya seychellarum Westwood)、蜡蚧(Ceroplastes sp.)、蜡蝉和叶螨(Tetranychu sp.)等;其中炭疽病、黑刺粉虱、蚧壳虫和叶螨在田间发生最为普遍。在槟榔种苗上首次发现由ANRSD和ANSSD引起的病毒病。

Based on the systematic investigation and identification of 13 seedling plantations in 4 cities and counties of Hainan,it was confirmed that the main diseases of Areca catechu were anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum fructicola,Colletotrichum areicola and Colletotrichum siamense,and viruse disease caused by areca palm necrotic ringspot virus(ANRSD)and areca palm necrotic spindle-spot viruss(ANSSD).The main pests are Aleurocanthus spiniferus Quaintanca,Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli Cooley,Unaspis yanonensis Kuwana,Icerya seychellarum Westwood,Ceroplastes sp.,wax cicada and Tetranychus sp..Anthracnose,Aleurocanthus spinosa,scale insects and Tetranychus sp.were the most common in the field.Virus diseases caused by ANRSD and ANSSD were found in Areca catechu seedlings for the first time.