汉语词汇核心义下同义词的辨析——以《说文解字注》中“际”“隙”为例

Discrimination of synonyms under the core meaning of Chinese vocabulary——Taking“ji”and“xi”in Annotation of Shuowenjiezi as an example

同义词之间概念意义基本相同,隐含意义、感情色彩和搭配组合仍有细微差别,但不易辨析。汉语词汇核心义来源于本义抽象出的特征义,统摄一个词的多个义项,使之成为一个整体。段玉裁在《说文解字注》中注重通过分析词义的发展,提取词义的特征义——也就是现在我们所说的核心义。通过分析核心义,可以清晰地辨析同义词的差异。

The conceptual meanings of synonyms are basically the same, and there are still subtle differences in word meaning and collocation, but it is not easy to distinguish. The core meaning of Chinese vocabulary comes from the characteristic meaning abstracted from the original meaning, which unifies multiple meanings of a word to make it a whole. In Annotation of Shuowenjiezi, Duan Yucai focused on analyzing the development of word meaning to extract the characteristic meaning of a word. By analyzing the core meanings, the differences in synonyms can be clearly identified.