五大连池风景区空气颗粒物(PM10和PM2.5)浓度时间变化特征

Temporal Variation Characteristics of Air Particulate Matter(PM10 and PM2.5)in Wudalianchi Scenic Area

【目的】通过对五大连池风景区(以下简称景区)龙门石寨空气颗粒物(PM10和PM2.5)浓度进行监测,旨在了解森林植被对空气颗粒物的调控能力,揭示龙门石寨内空气颗粒物浓度的时间变化规律,为广大居民及游客了解景区空气质量提供科学理论依据。【方法】利用PM10和PM2.5颗粒物监测仪进行监测,选取景区2018年5月、8月、11月PM10、PM2.5的连续监测数据,分别从日动态、月动态和季节动态规律来探讨空气颗粒物的时间变化规律。【结果】5月、8月和11月PM10浓度的日变化平均值为32.5μg·m-3、12.6μg·m-3、23.8μg·m-3,明显高于PM2.5浓度的日变化平均值14.6μg·m-3、8.0μg·m-3、16.5μg·m-3。PM10和PM2.5月均浓度11月明显高于5月和8月,5月、8月和11月PM10浓度波动范围为11.6~55.8μg·m-3,PM2.5浓度波动范围为5.4~43.5μg·m-3。PM10和PM2.5季节动态变化表现为秋季>春季>夏季,基本符合"冬高夏低、春秋居中"规律。【结论】空气颗粒物浓度(PM10和PM2.5)日变化规律总体呈早晚高、正午低的变化趋势。月变化规律颗粒物浓度总体表现为11月>5月>8月,5月和8月颗粒物浓度均达到国家一级标准。季节变化规律总体表现为秋季最高,春季和夏季较低,且春、夏两季颗粒物质量浓度相差不大。景区空气颗粒物(PM10和PM2.5)浓度总体水平达到国家二级标准以上,空气质量优良,优质的生态环境适合人们旅游和森林康养。

【Objective】In order to understand the regulation ability of forest vegetation on air particulate matter,reveal the temporal variation rule of air particulate matter concentration in Longmen Shizhai,and provide a scientific theoretical basis for residents and tourists to understand the air quality in the scenic spot,the concentration of air particulate matter(PM10 and PM2.5)in Longmen Shizhai of Wudalianchi scenic spot(hereinafter referred to as Wudalianchi)was monitored.【Methods】PM10 and PM2.5 particulate matter monitors were used for monitoring.The continuous monitoring data of PM10 and PM2.5 in May,August and November 2018 in scenic spots were selected to explore the temporal variation law of air particulate matter from the daily,monthly and seasonal dynamic laws,respectively.【Results】The average daily variation of PM10 concentration in May,August and November was 32.5,12.6 and 23.8μg·m-3,which were significantly higher than the average values of PM2.5 concentration of 14.6,8.0 and 16.5μg·m-3.The average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in November were significantly higher than those in May and August.The fluctuations of PM10 concentration in May,August and November ranged from 11.6 to 55.8μg·m-3,and the fluctuations of PM2.5 concentration ranged from 5.4 to 43.5μg·m-3.PM10 and PM2.5 The seasonal dynamic changes showed autumn>spring>summer,which basically conformed to the rule of"high summer in winter,low in spring and middle in autumn".【Conclusion】The diurnal variation of air particulate matter concentration(PM10 and PM2.5)showed a high trend in the morning and evening,and a low trend in the noon.The monthly variation of particulate matter concentration showed that November>May>August,and the particulate matter concentration in May and August reached the national first-level standards.The seasonal variation showed that the highest concentration was in autumn,lower in spring and summer,and the difference of particulate matter mass concentration between spring and summer was not significant;the overall level of air particulate matter(PM10 and PM2.5)concentration in Wudalianchi Scenic Spot has reached above the national secondary standard,with excellent air quality and high-quality ecological environment suitable for people’s tourism and forest health.