电动潜油泵智能控制方法研究

A Method for the Intelligent Control of Electrical Submersible Pump

通过电动潜油泵智能控制实现油井生产的自动调整与优化,是数字化油田深入发展的重要内容。鉴于此,以实现电动潜油泵智能控制为目标,建立了由压力监测系统、变频系统和中心控制器构成的闭环控制系统。依据电动潜油泵的固有特性,建立了频率与压力的解析关系。基于泵入口和泵出口的压力监测,提出了以动液面压力为控制目标的梯度变频算法。围绕算法控制,提出了基于动态生产的升频与降频起始界限值和目标域的压力控制策略,并控制好变频节拍。通过合理选泵,保证泵在有效的频率变化区间内满足以目标压力为解节点的油井产能需要,防止不匹配造成误控。监测系统及设备运行系统的故障诊断与保护是保障电动潜油泵智能控制可靠运用的重要前提。通过多口油井试验验证,利用该算法最多通过3次变频就能达到控制目标域,实现油井的稳定生产。研究结果对于电动潜油泵的现场应用具有一定的指导作用。

It is an important part in the in-depth development of digital oilfields to realize the automatic adjustment and optimization of oil well production through intelligent control of electrical submersible pump(ESP).In this paper,a closed-loop control system which consists of pressure monitoring system,frequency conversion system and master controller is established by taking the intelligent control of ESP as the target.The analytical relationship between frequency and pressure is set up according to the inherent characteristics of ESP.The gradient frequency conversion algorithm with the pressure of dynamic liquid level as the control target is put forward based on pressure monitoring at pump inlet and outlet.Focusing on algorithm control,the pressure control strategy for the starting boundary value and target domain of frequency rise and reduction based on the dynamic production is proposed,and the frequency conversion rhythm shall be controlled well.The pump shall be selected reasonably so as to meet the need of well capacity on the node of the target pressure in the range of effective frequency conversion and prevent the miscontrol caused by mismatched capacity.It is pointed out that the fault diagnosis and protection of monitoring system and equipment operation system is an important prerequisite to ensure the intelligent control of ESP.The tests in several wells verify that by virtue of this algorithm,the target domain can be controlled through 3 times of frequency conversion at most,and the stable production of oil well can be realized.The research results play a certain role in guiding the field application of ESP.