中国国家图书馆藏一叶回鹘文《增壹阿含经》研究

On an Ancient Fragment of the Ekottarik Agama Sutra in Uighur Preserved in the National Library of China

《增壹阿含经》是北传四阿含之一,东晋僧伽提婆译。回鹘文《增壹阿含经》译自汉文。在汉文原文基础上节选翻译、回鹘文中夹写从原文摘录的汉字、根据汉文语序进行逐字翻译是回鹘文《阿含经》的典型特点。现已刊布的回鹘文《增壹阿含经》残片共32件,分藏在京都、奈良、柏林、圣彼得堡、斯德哥尔摩、北京、敦煌等地。文中所探讨的一叶回鹘文《增壹阿含经》现藏中国国家图书馆,编号为GT15-61,属于《增壹阿含经》第41卷。与其他回鹘文阿含类文献一样,GT15-61节选翻译,回鹘文中夹写大量汉字,正字法具有元代特征。

The Ek?ttarik Agama is one of the so-called"Four Agama"sutras of early Buddhism.An early Chinese translation of the Ek?ttarik Agama was made by Samghadeva during the Eastern Jin dynasty(317—420 CE).All extant copies of the Ek?ttarik Agama in the Uighur language can be identified as having been translated in an abbreviated manner from the Chinese version during the Yuan dynasty.There are almost 30 fragments of the Ek?ttarik Agama in Uighur to date,which have spread all over the world to places including Kyoto,Nara,Berlin,Saint Petersburg,Stockholm,Beijing,Dunhuang,and more.Recently,the author found a new fragment(numbered GT15-61)in the National Library of China that belongs to the 41 st chapter of Ek?ttarik Agama.The orthographical characters are the same as those of the Uighur texts of the Yuan dynasty.This paper presents a textual examination of this new fragmental manuscript.